May 2, 2024

Murdoch to Fox News

Top Secret

To: Suzanne Scott, CEO Fox News

From: Rupert Murdoch

Subject: Vaccination

This note is to remind you that the sole mission, the only purpose of Fox News is to maximize shareholder value, which means maximizing revenue.

As you well know, maximizing our advertising revenue means getting the highest ratings possible, which we do by entertaining, outraging and reinforcing the biases of our audience. 

You’ve done a great job of hiring beautiful women and handsome men who are good at entertaining and outraging people.  However, with the new Delta variation of the virus, by some of our hosts advising people not to get vaccinated, we are killing off our viewers.

Let me remind you that over 70 percent of our viewers are over 65, the most vulnerable to get infected and die.  In states with low vaccination rates (where a large percentage of our audience lives) more than 99 percent of COVID-19 deaths over the past six months were among unvaccinated people.  We’re losing viewers!

Create more PSAs about getting vaccinated and run them more often.

It’s OK for our entertainers to support that idiot Trump, but it’s not OK for them to tell people that ”it’s their choice” to get vaccinated.  If our audience doesn’t get vaccinated, the worst possible thing imaginable might happen: Our audience might decline and we could lose money.

Fox News’s Contempt for the Truth of COVID-19

The Washington Post’s headline for a March 10, 2020, article by Max Boot hit the nail on the head: “The right-wing media’s contempt for the truth has never been more dangerous.”

Boot’s lead read:

“President Trump has been widely and correctly excoriated for the way he is dealing with the novel coronavirus. By minimizing the danger, he heightens it. Even on Monday, Trump was comparing COVID-19 to the ordinary flu, even though its mortality rate appears to be many times higher and its economic effect infinitely greater. New York magazine’s Jonathan Chait is right that Trump is acting like “the mayor in Jaws, blithely ignoring reports of a gigantic shark because he didn’t want to hurt the tourism season.”

Boot then goes on to detail how Fox News promulgates narratives “so at odds with reality that they are likely to get people killed.” Boot cites comments by Fox News liar-in-chief, Sean Hannity, and bloviator Tucker Carlson that support Trump’s delusional thinking about COVID-19 and minimize the pandemic’s danger.

Boot’s Washington Post article also links to the liberal-leaning fact-checking website Media Matters For America, which has video links to many Fox News’s and Fox Business’s most egregious lies about COVID-19. And if you want to raise the hackles on the back of your neck even higher, view the video of Rush Limbaugh huffing and puffing about COVID-19: “Who cares if it’s 10 times more lethal than the flu?”

What has happened to the media that we have the completely fake news of Fox News and have to have an organization like Media Matters to keep track of and document the lies of Fox News and the right-wing media?

What happened to the media is greed–pure economics, as detailed brilliantly in James T. Hamilton’s All the News That’s Fit To Sell: How the Market Transforms Information Into News.

I think there are three events in the history of television news that are bellwethers of the TV news switch from public service to profits being the indicator of success:

  1. In 1965, KYW-TV’s news director, Al Primo, created the “Eyewitness News” format for the Philadelphia station’s local newscasts. The news philosophy was “if it bleeds, it leads.” The news anchors became personalities instead of presenters and used banter, or “happy talk,” between stories. KYW-TV’s “Eyewitness News” overtook market leader, CBS-owned WCAU-TV, in the ratings. The strategy behind the “Eyewitness News” programming was if news stories were sensational, outrageous, and scary enough about crime, they would instill fear in viewers and, thus, were the path to higher ratings.
  2. In 1986, CBS founder, William S. Paley, was 85 and was still CEO of a foundering CBS, which was the target of several hostile takeover attempts by, among others, Ted Turner, Marvin Davis, and Ivan Boesky. Paley invited investor (and bottom-feeder) Larry Tisch to invest in CBS and help stop the other takeovers. Tisch invested $750 million for a 24.9 percent stake in the company, and within a few months, with Paley’s support, Tisch became CBS’s CEO. And, thus, began the Tisch era of ruthless cost cutting. Tisch fired 230 of 1,200 news division employees and cut $30 million from the news division’s budget because Tisch believed that the news division should make a profit, which was an unheard of concept up to that point. A younger Paley and his long-time president, Frank Stanton (since 1946) had always believed that news was a public service and that the CBS news division was not expected to enhance CBS’s bottom line: public service, not profit. Tisch changed that, and NBC followed suit the same year and demanded that its news division be profitable.
  3. In 1996, News Corp. CEO Rupert Murdoch hired former Republican consultant, Roger Ailes, to create the Fox News Channel. The decision to slant its news programming toward the right was a financial one, not an ideological decision. Murdoch has always been more about money and profit than ideology. What the financial success of Fox News signaled was that there was a lot of money to be made pandering to conservatives. For example, the conspiracy theorist and wingnut, Alex Jones, is telling his viewers that the toothpaste he is selling will kill the COVID-19 virus. If you are dumb enough to watch Alex Jones, you’re dumb enough to buy his toothpaste and probably dumb enough to vote for Trump in 2020.

Fox News’s contempt for the COVID-19 truth is like the virus itself–it infects people and kills reality.

O’Reilly, Beck, Olbermann, and Maddow: Venomous Snakes?

In a blog last week titled “Murdoch and Immelt: Business Is Business,” I wrote:

Thus, Fox News and MSNBC have huge investments in their stars O’Reilly, Beck, Olbermann, and Maddow. They created these venomous snakes, they have long-term contracts with them, and most importantly, they depend on them for ratings, which have gone up, in part, because of the feuding.

In response to the blog, which was distributed via Jack Myers’ Media Biz Bloggers, I received an e-mail that read in part: “I watch Bill O’Reilly frequently, and I dispute your characterization of his [sic] as nasty. It is an opinion program, and in my judgment O’Reilly tries to be fair, frequently giving air time to people who oppose his views. I don’t see any attempt at balance at MSNBC, which in my opinion is in the pockets of liberal Democrats.”
In response to the same blog posted on the liberal Huffington Post, I received several comments:

”Among sensible viewers the views of Olbermann and Maddow are not sniping. They are digging up real news all the time. Maddow’s expose of a rightwing website encouraging protests against healthcare reform, which she gave last night, should be THE featured article on the Huffpost this morning.”
“Keith and Rachel behaving as they do is absolutely vital. For far too long the misrepresentations, poisonous invective, and outright lies of the Faux News crew went unchallenged. Someone with a big public signature MUST debunk these creeps.”
“…how wrong it is to include Maddow in the ‘venomous snakes’ category. It’s very rare that Maddow calls out another cable news person, and she never attacks the way Olbermann does. It’s only been within the past week or so that she called out CNN and their coverage of the birther stories — which she started out as a response to Campbell Brown’s absurd statement that only CNN does real journalism.”
“Say what you want about Maddow. She approaches her job with integrity — yes — with a liberal viewpoint, but she doesn’t spew outright lies to try and bolster her argument. (She doesn’t have to.) She may use sarcasm and humor to maker her point, but I don’t see what’s wrong with that. Give[n] the state of the nation, sometime I think we can either laugh or cry. And I’d rather laugh.”

For conservatives who watch Fox News, it’s perfectly OK to call Olbermann and Maddow venomous snakes, but for liberals who watch MSNBC, it’s OK to call O’Reilly and Beck venomous snakes, but a gross injustice to call Olbermann and, especially, Maddow venomous snakes.
It’s called confirmation bias when conservatives watch Fox News and liberals watch MSNBC. Both cable networks confirm the biases of their viewers. This situation is no surprise, of course, and we would expect each group to defend their star personalities/opinionators, even though it is inconceivable to me that there are not only viewers who actually believe that Fox News is “fair and balanced” but also that there more than twice as many of them than viewers who believe that Olbermann and Maddow are similarly inclined.
I probably used the term “venomous snakes” as much to pick a fight as believing that it was a completely accurate description of all the commentators I mentioned. However, I do believe that O’Reilly, Beck, and Olbermann are venomous or poisonous. And ever since the poets who wrote the book of Genesis used the image of a snake as the embodiment of evil and temptation, the slithery reptiles have been associated with both sins in my mind.
Thus, because I believe the manner in which O’Reilly, Beck, Olberman, and, yes, sometimes Maddow, conduct themselves poisons the debate and dialogue about important issues. These commentators make ad hominem attacks their stock and trade. They don’t explain or try to shed light on complex issues such as health care reform or education or the government’s stimulus efforts to resuscitate the economy, too often they limit themselves to attacking or making fun of individuals.
Rachel Maddow makes her attacks more satirical and a little less nasty than O’Reilly, Beck, and Olbermann (Hannity, Limbaugh, and Lou Dobbs could be added of course0< but Maddow is the cleverer, lighter transition to Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert. Colbert wouldn’t exist if it weren’t for the all-too-easy-to- ridicule Bill O’Reilly, thank goodness. And politicians and other self-righteous, pompous public figures set themselves up for ridicule by the clever, sarcastic Jon Stewart. But as much as we love these two comedians, they, too, do not dignify the debate on issues of public importance. And that’s a problem. Most comedy is based on two underlying elements: surprise and anger. To know what the public face of anger is, just watch O’Reilly, Beck, Olbermann, Maddow, Hannity, Ann Coulter, Lou Dobbs, Stewart, and Colbert (or listen to the angriest of them all, Rush Limbaugh). They are all very, very angry at liberals, conservatives, politicians, Obama, government, taxes, or the world. No one wants to watch normal, well-adjusted, happy, rational, reasonable people on TV; they’re boring – like C-SPAN or the “News Hour with Jim Lehrer” on PBS. Watching David Brooks and Mark Shields discuss the issues on the “News Hour” doesn’t confirm any biases; they are too reasonable and boring. And America needs much more of this type of dignified, respectful, tolerant dialogue and debate. O’Reilly, Beck, Olbermann, and CNN’s Lou Dobbs are not not dignified or tolerant. They do not respect opposing points of view. They tend to attack people, not ideas. Maddow is the most dignified and the most respectful. Her discussions with conservative Pat Buchanan are typically a model of polite conversation.
Stewart and Colbert can also do a reasonably polite interview, but usually with a touch of sarcasm, that always lets us know where they stand. And, so, they too become personalities/opinionators. More polite, a lot funnier, but, essentially in the same league with O’Reilly, Beck, and Olbermann in poisoning and skewing the debate about issues of public importance.
President Obama is taking his message about health care reform to the people in public forums where he will likely have a polite, dignified debate on the issue because he knows there will not be a polite, dignified debate on the cable news or comedy channels or in Congress — and shame on them.